Diagnostic

At the onset of the disease, clinical examination is often normal and specific tests are required. Some of these tests are designed to make a differential diagnosis, i.e. to ensure that the symptoms are not caused by another disease.It is therefore recommended to seek a specialist medical consultation at a memory centre, neurology department, geriatric department or certain psychiatric departments.The diagnosis is established using various tools: a clinical assessment, neuropsychological tests (evaluation of cognitive functions) and imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), brain scintigraphy and, where necessary, analysis of cerebrospinal fluid proteins).

The neuropsychological assessment must be carried out by a neuropsychologist. It involves a series of tests in the form of questions or simple tasks to assess cognitive abilities. This neuropsychological examination allows for early detection of symptoms and also provides an estimate of the severity of the disease.The earlier the diagnosis is made, the sooner the patient can be enrolled in a care programme. It is essential that the diagnosis is followed by a plan for medical, psychological and social support.Who sounds the alarm?

The diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease occurs in a specific context. Family and close friends may quickly notice a change in behaviour. Unlike most medical consultations, it is rarely the patient who decides to undergo tests to determine the cause of their memory problems. It is usually those around them, particularly their spouse, who take the initiative to seek medical advice.